What is the difference between heat and temperature?
How does a heater warm up a cold room?
Why can the Sun make us warm?
Why does my cold drink become warm?
Heat Transfer
Watch the study jams video on heat transfer.
Three Types of Heat Transfer
Conduction
Occurs when the particles in an object vibrate in place but collide with neighbouring particles passing kinetic energy to them.
The particles do not leave their original position.
Conduction occurs in most solids.
Convection
Occurs when warm fluids move from one place to another.
Occurs in liquids and gases.
Convection Currents: When air warms, the particles gain energy, spread out, become less dense and rise. As it cools, the particles lose energy, get closer together, become more dense and sink.
Radiation
Occurs when electromagnetic waves carry energy from a source to another object. The object absorbs the energy of the electromagnetic wave.
There are no particles involved.
The waves can travel in a vacuum.
Radiant Energy can be: 1. Reflected: Shiny, smooth, light-colored surfaces. 2. Absorbed: Dull, rough, dark-colored surfaces. Object will become warmer. 3. Transmission: The radiant energy passes through. Ex. Plastic, glass, paper, etc.
The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1.00 g of the substance by 1.00˚C.Used to measure the amount of heat transfer. Different materials have different capacities for storing heat. This depends on:
Molecular structure
Phase
Molecular mass
Shape
Surface area
Heat Capacity
While specific heat capacity tells us about how much heat a MATERIAL can store. Heat capacity tells us about how much heat an object can store. Heat capacity depends on two things: 1) the material that make up the object 2) How much mass the object has. * Remember with specific heat capacity the mass is always set to 1 g